Bi-Level Fleet Dispatching Strategy for Battery-Electric Trucks: A Real-World Case Study

Driven by new regulations concerning greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector, battery-electric trucks (BETs) are considered one of sustainable freight solutions. In this paper, a dispatching problem BET fleet is formulated as capacitated electric vehicle routing (VRP) with pick-up and delivery. As NP-hard, performance existing approaches deteriorates large instance problems, especially when customers have different preferences constraints. This article proposes bi-level strategy that incorporates zone partitioning metaheuristic-based to solve large-scale problem, considering delivery types, limited travel distances, cargo payloads. We apply real-world scenario around 300 customer positions for pickups drop-offs. The experimental results demonstrate proposed can reduce total distance time 24–31%, compared baseline implemented real world.